C/CO2=APP| What Is Our Carbon Footprint?
What Is Our Carbon Footprint?
C/CO2=APP
Summary
Our proposal on CO2 Awareness aims to provide information on the carbon footprint towards the end result of creating an APP. The carbon footprint is an environmental indicator that reflects all the greenhouse gases (GHG) that are part of the natural and anthropogenic atmosphere.The C / CO2 = APP is a platform that measures carbon dioxide concentration levels, stores, processes, and presents them as open data, in order to raise awareness and alert the community in general about the presence of carbon dioxide and its consequences in humans and in the environment. It is intended to be used as an emissions controller in geographical areas that have values above the allowed average and that can
How We Addressed This Challenge
Carbon dioxide or anhydride of carbon (CO2) in the Earth's atmosphere is a trace gas (gas present in a low quantity in the air mixture, less than 1% by volume of the Earth's atmosphere) that helps maintain temperatures suitable for life on the planet. However, the current concentration is at values well above those indicated, reaching around 0.04% (410 ppm) in volume, 45% higher than pre-industrial levels (second half of the 18th century) of 280 ppm, due to largely to the intensive use of fossil fuels, creating the current environmental imbalance.
Atmospheric CO2 is the main source of carbon for life on Earth, and its pre-industrial concentration since the late Precambrian was regulated by photosynthetic organisms and geological phenomena. As part of the carbon cycle, plants, algae and cyanobacteria use solar energy to photosynthesize carbohydrates from CO2 and water, while O2 is released as waste. Plants produce CO2 during respiration. It is also a product of the respiration by all aerobic organisms, which is returned to the waters by the gills of fish and to the air through the lungs of breathing land animals, including humans.
Furthermore, CO2 is produced during the decomposition of organic materials and the fermentation of sugars in the manufacture of wine, beer and bread. It is also produced by the combustion of wood (firewood), carbohydrates and fossil fuels such as coal, peat, oil, and natural gas.
How We Developed This Project
In the framework of the Knowledge Society, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have played a relevant role in the development and economic growth of the globalized society.
This interconnected technology industry is made up of sub-branches, with different types of implementations, and many times they are used together to generate greater added value for the community, companies, and governments.
The Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, among others, constitute the main exponents of Industry 4.0.
IoT suggests the concept of everyday things connected to the Internet. Nevertheless, it is much more than that. It consists of software and hardware developments that have all the tools to fulfill very specific tasks.
Each "thing" connects to the Internet and can send and receive data.
In this case, we have decided to collect CO2 concentration data in ppm, using sensors manufactured for this purpose. This data can be read and processed by IoT microcontrollers that connect to the Internet and send it using lightweight communication protocols (MQTT) that bypass HTTP.
Different sensor manufacturers recommend some calibration techniques to consider. After the calibration process, the IoT components will send the data to the web servers. These will be stored in databases and can be provided to different clients, for example in the form of a web application.
The high-level architecture proposed for this solution can be seen in Figure 3, where:
- The fields of implementation can be industries, buildings in large cities, homes or vehicles.
- The IoT components would be integrated by sensors and microcontrollers to collect and redirect the data.
- The servers will receive, store and process the data to generate information.
- Clients will allow access for the information to be viewed.
- And the end users will be able to access this open data at any time, through the Internet.
Figure 3 - Architecture C/CO2=APP
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
The objetives are to
- Be able to install CO2 measurement components.
- Make it possible to access the data obtained by the sensors.
- Present the information to the interested public.
PARTICULAR OBJECTIVES
The paticular objetives are to
- Store the measured data by each sensor in a web server.
- View the information in a Web App.
PROTOTYPE
Our prototype is made up of a simple implementation of:
- ESP8266 microcontroller Wi-Fi connectivity configuration.
- An MG811 CO2 sensor.
- MG811 sensor reading script (Sandbox Electronics) [1].
- A Web server (Amazon Web Services) with SSL Certification (To encrypt any data between the sensor and the Web App for more security and fidelity) and a MySQL database.
- A web app developed with HTML, CSS, PHP and Javascript with their respective libraries such as (Bootstrap, Jquery, Fancybox, ChartJS, Google Maps API, and their own scripts) with the main page that details the CO2 information, in addition to showing the information from the sensors according to the city where they are located, an administrative panel to have control over the MG811 CO2 sensors. (Source code: https://github.com/C-CO2-APP/Web | Web: https://brann.ar/cco2app).
- An API available for reading open and standardized data.
LINK DOCUMENT: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1FP5469SBzGza6Dt2wwJ6ZYXa40R5T326oCySwEaTLs0/edit?usp=sharing
How We Used Space Agency Data in This Project
The tools we use on the space agency are:
OCO-2 satellite images
NASA Worldview
Project Demo
Project Code
Data & Resources
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%B3xido_de_c.arbono - Dióxido de carbono - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
https://www.ign.es/espmap/mapas_conta_bach/pdf/Contam%20_mapa_04_texto.pdf - Producción de CO2 | España
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/paperbenchmarkinternacional-iot.pdf - Internet de las Cosas Secretaría de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/oco2/overview - Mission Overview | NASA - Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2
https://ethic.es/2019/10/el-mapamundi-del-co2/ Mapamundi CO2 - Ethic España
https://www.wearewater.org/es/reducir-las-emisiones-de-co2-principal-objetivo-planetario_273571 We are water Foundation - Reducir las emisiones de CO2, principal objetivo planetario
https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/pruebas-de-laboratorio/dioxido-de-carbono-co2-en-la-sangre/ US National Library of Medicine - Dióxido de carbono (CO2) en la sangre
https://sandboxelectronics.com/?p=147 Sandbox Electronics - MG-811 CO2 Sensor Module
https://maps.google.com.ar/ | Google Maps