We prepared a sleeping program using the python coding language to solve the sleeping problems of astronauts in space. In order to make the adaptation processes easier, we set the program to start 3 days before astronauts go to space. After going to the space, we arranged the sleeping times and the remaining hours with the python program based on the greenwich time zone. We included meal hours in the program. By researching the importance of nutrition on the quality of the sleep period, we prepared a nutrition menu consisting of foods that secrete the hormone melatonin. Knowing the fact that regular exercise facilitates body biorhythm and sleep, we added an exercise to the program. We created a dark environment by turning off the lights during sleep for the secretion of the hormone Melatonin. Furthermore, since CO2 can hang in the air as particles, astronauts might breath the CO2 which they exhale while they are sleeping and cause serious problems such as brain damage. Also, since they were exposed to a lot of air conditioning noise, we gave them a headphone with big soft earmuffs. We both prevented the sound and enabled them to use it as a pillow. In sleeping places, we removed devices such as laptop phones from the sleeping areas because they emit electromagnetic waves. Our project is important because when astronauts do not get enough sleep to maintain their bio-rhythm, they can not work efficiently.

We decided our ideas in to two: the software and changes in the space station. We constituted a software by using python coding program. First, the programs asks the astronaut's name, age, gender, homelands’ time zones, mission durations, bedtimes in their homeland and wanted sequential increase of their bedtimes per day. With this data, the software provides a daily schedule which nutrition, exercise, sleep and work plans are included. The nutrition program is created by considering the facts about melatonin and necessary organic and inorganic nutrients. In the menu we have to ensure that in general the meals should respond to bone strength, efe function and muscle repair and growth. For bone strength vitamin K and D are essential for calcium be hold in the body. A healthy person should take an average of 1200mg of Ca per day. For eye function we should provide aliments that have vitamin A such as carrot. In muscle repair and growth potassium has a very major role. We supply foods like meat with high iron and potassium. For general human body health provide antioxidants that have vitamin E. We specifically give tortillas because bread cannot be consumed in a space stations because of its crumbs. Also we prefered dried fruits on purpose. For fruits we most commonly give dried apricots and peaches because they are very useful to maintain and regulate the blood sugar. We pallened a protein based menu to help the astronauts recover from their jet-lack more easily and quickly. However the percentage of the protein the menu should be 35 and ⅔ should ben animal based and ⅓ should be vegetable based. We included nutrients with high melatonin such as beef and fish in the dinner for astronauts to have a more easy time to fall asleep.In space, there is microgravity. Microgravity causes numerous physiological and psychological problems and biochemical changes. The most important ones are negative calcium balance resulting in the loss of bone, atrophy of antigravity muscles, fluid shifts and decreased plasma volume and cardiovascular deconditioning that leads to orthostatic intolerance. In microgravity, bones and muscles are no longer have to support the weight of astronauts' bodies. Furthermore, the cardiovascular activities becomes lazy because the heart doesn't have to work as hard as it does on Earth to counteract gravity and pump blood up to the head. To overcome this problem we formed a exercise schedule that help the astronaut mitigate the deterioration of their bones, maintain the strength of their muscles and their heart, remain strong enough to do spacewalks, be able to carry out emergency procedures during landing and stay healthy and in shape until they return to Earth and to gravity.

Moreover, we made some alterations in the space station. CO2, lighting, electromagnetism and excessive noise are one of the most important problems in the deficiency of efficient sleeping. CO2 is a colorless gas that we produce by exhaling. Astronauts have reported having nightmares, dreams, and snoring while sleeping in space. Sleeping and crew accommodations need to be well ventilated; otherwise, astronauts can wake up oxygen-deprived and gasping for air, because a bubble of their own exhaled carbon dioxide had formed around their heads. Rebreathing CO2 can lead to increased blood pressure, headaches, muscle twitches, rapid heart rate, chest pain, confusion, and fatigue. In extreme cases, if left untreated, hypercapnia can lead to organ damage and even have long standing effects on the brain. We decided to have a mechanism that emits the CO2 and reacts it with LiOH. As a result, in the products we will have H2O and Li2CO3. Then, we will separate the elements of the water by means of electrolization. Melatonin is type of hormone which can only be produced in dark. For this reason, we have used solid state light assemblies to replace the lighting technologies used today. We changed the intensity of the light using the color spectrum of the light. When the lights are applied properly, the body balances the biorhythm. This led serves as a natural stimulant that can directly improve alertness and performance. It also helps reset a person’s 24-hour clock if it gets out of sync. Moreover, since electromagnetic waves decreases the amount of melatonin hormone and efficiency and quality of sleep, machines with high energy electromagnetic wave will not be put in the cabins, where the astronauts will sleep. During sleep, sudden awakenings due to noise may occur. Excessive noise can cause hypertension, rapid heartbeat, increased cholesterol, increased adrenaline, increased breathing, muscle tension and jerking. In order to solve this problem, we recommend astronauts to wear earplugs.